Common Symptoms and Risk Factors of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases

1. What are cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases?

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the general name of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, generally referring to the ischemic or hemorrhagic diseases of the heart, brain and systemic tissues caused by hyperlipidemia, blood viscosity, atherosclerosis, hypertension and so on.

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are common diseases that seriously threaten the health of people, especially the middle-aged and elderly people over 50 years old. They are characterized by high morbidity, disability and mortality.

Even with the application of the most advanced and perfect treatment means, more than 50% of the survivors of cerebrovascular accidents still cannot take care of themselves. The number of people dying from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in the world is as high as 15 million every year, ranking the first among all causes of death.

Q: Common symptoms of cardiovascular disease

A: palpitation, shortness of breath, upright breathing, paroxypnea at night, compression or contraction pain behind the sternum, chest tightness and discomfort, edema, cyanosis, syncope, coughing and hemoptysis, weakness, belching, upper abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting; Left back pain, left arm pain, etc.

Q: Common symptoms of cerebrovascular disease

A: Hemiplegia, partial body sensory disorder, hemiblindness, aphasia; Or intersectionalpalsy, intersectionalsensory disorders, external eye muscle paralysis, nystagmus, dysphagia, ataxia, vertigo, etc.

Or limb weakness, numbness, facial, upper and lower limbs sensory disorders; Unilateral limb movement is not flexible; The language barrier, speaking is not smooth; Loss of memory; Suddenly not seeing objects clearly;

Or the eye movement is not flexible; Urinary incontinence; The ability to balance, stand unsteadily; Disorder of consciousness; Headache or nausea and vomiting; Dizziness, tinnitus, etc.

2. Risk factors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases

The most important factors contributing to heart disease and stroke are: unhealthy diet, lack of physical activity, smoking and excessive alcohol consumption. Cardiovascular disease occurs in people with high blood pressure, high blood sugar and high blood lipids, as well as in people who are overweight and obese, and these people have a significantly increased risk of heart attack, stroke and heart failure compared to other people.

It has been shown that quitting smoking, limiting alcohol, reducing dietary salt, eating fruits and vegetables, and taking regular physical exercise can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. In addition, patients with diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia should be treated with drugs to control blood pressure, blood sugar and blood lipids within the normal range, which can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and prevent heart attack and stroke.